Stairway to discovery: A report on the CMS programme of cross section measurements from millibarns to femtobarns

(CMS Collaboration) Hayrapetyan, Aram ; ... ; Giljanović, Duje ; Godinović, Nikola ; Lelas, Damir ; Šćulac, Ana ; Kovač, Marko ; Petković, Andro ; Šćulac, Toni ; Bargassa, Pedrame ; Brigljević, Vuko ; Chitroda, Bhakti Kanulal ; Ferenček, Dinko ; Jakovčić, Krešimir ; Mishra, Saswat ; Starodumov, Andrey ; Šuša, Tatjana ; ... ; Roguljić, Matej ; ... ; Zhokin, Alexander (2025) Stairway to discovery: A report on the CMS programme of cross section measurements from millibarns to femtobarns. Physics Reports, 1115 (2025). pp. 3-115. ISSN 0370-1573

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Abstract

The Large Hadron Collider at CERN, delivering proton-proton collisions at much higher energies and far higher luminosities than previous machines, has enabled a comprehensive programme of measurements of the standard model (SM) processes by the CMS experiment. These unprecedented capabilities facilitate precise measurements of the properties of a wide array of processes, the most fundamental being cross sections. The discovery of the Higgs boson and the measurement of its mass became the keystone of the SM. Knowledge of the mass of the Higgs boson allows precision comparisons of the predictions of the SM with the corresponding measurements. These measurements span the range from one of the most copious SM processes, the total inelastic cross section for proton-proton interactions, to the rarest ones, such as Higgs boson pair production. They cover the production of Higgs bosons, top quarks, single and multibosons, and hadronic jets. Associated parameters, such as coupling constants, are also measured. These cross section measurements can be pictured as a descending stairway, on which the lowest steps represent the rarest processes allowed by the SM, some never seen before.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	High energy physics ; Experimental particle physics ; LHC ; CMS ; Top quark ; Higgs boson ; Cross section ; Standard model ; Electroweak ; QCD ; review ; p p: scattering ; p p: colliding beams ; Higgs particle: pair production ; p p: interaction ; p p: inelastic scattering ; luminosity: high ; energy: high ; Higgs particle: hadroproduction ; Higgs particle: decay modes ; Higgs particle: mass: measured ; jet: hadronic ; Higgs particle: coupling ; coupling: Yukawa ; top: pair production
Subjects:	NATURAL SCIENCES > Physics > Physics of Elementary Particles and Fields
Divisions:	Centre for detectors, sensors and electronics Division of Experimental Physics
Depositing User:	Ema Buhin Šaler
Date Deposited:	22 Jan 2026 09:20
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/11038
DOI:	10.1016/j.physrep.2024.11.005

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