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Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom

Filić, Vedrana; Mijanović, Lucija; Putar, Darija; Talajić, Antea; Ćetković, Helena; Weber, Igor (2021) Regulation of the Actin Cytoskeleton via Rho GTPase Signalling in Dictyostelium and Mammalian Cells: A Parallel Slalom. Cells, 10 (7). ISSN 2073-4409

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Abstract

Both Dictyostelium amoebae and mammalian cells are endowed with an elaborate actin cytoskeleton that enables them to perform a multitude of tasks essential for survival. Although these organisms diverged more than a billion years ago, their cells share the capability of chemotactic migration, large- scale endocytosis, binary division effected by actomyosin contraction, and various types of adhesions to other cells and to the extracellular environment. The composition and dynamics of the transient actin-based structures that are engaged in these processes are also astonishingly similar in these evolutionary distant organisms. The question arises whether this remarkable resemblance in the cellular motility hardware is accompanied by a similar correspondence in matching software, the signalling networks that govern the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton. Small GTPases from the Rho family play pivotal roles in the control of the actin cytoskeleton dynamics. Indicatively, Dictyostelium matches mammals in the number of these proteins. We give an overview of the Rho signalling pathways that regulate the actin dynamics in Dictyostelium and compare them with similar signalling networks in mammals. We also provide a phylogeny of Rho GTPases in Amoebozoa, which shows a variability of the Rho inventories across different clades found also in Metazoa.

Item Type: Article
Uncontrolled Keywords: Rho ; Rac ; cell migration ; cell motility ; convergent evolution ; Amoebozoa
Subjects: NATURAL SCIENCES > Biology
Divisions: Division of Molecular Biology
Projects:
Project titleProject leaderProject codeProject type
Oscilatorna dinamika citoskeletaTolić, Iva MarijaIP-2014-09-4753HRZZ
Geni spužvi povezani s nastankom rakaĆetković, HelenaIP-2019-04-5382HRZZ
Depositing User: Vedrana Filić Mileta
Date Deposited: 06 Aug 2021 08:41
URI: http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/6517
DOI: 10.3390/cells10071592

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