Evaluation of multi-biomarker response in fish intestine as an initial indication of anthropogenic impact in the aquatic karst environment

Mijošek, Tatjana; Filipović Marijić, Vlatka; Dragun, Zrinka; Krasnići, Nesrete; Ivanković, Dušica; Erk, Marijana (2019) Evaluation of multi-biomarker response in fish intestine as an initial indication of anthropogenic impact in the aquatic karst environment. Science of the Total Environment, 660 . pp. 1079-1090. ISSN 0048-9697

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Official URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30743905/

Abstract

In order to assess the extent of existing anthropogenic influence on biota of the vulnerable karst ecosystem of the Krka River, multi-biomarker approach was applied in the intestinal tissue of brown trout Salmo trutta Linnaeus, 1758. Biomarkers of the general stress (total cytosolic proteins), oxidative stress(malondialdehyde), antioxidant capacity (catalase activity, total glutathione) and of an exposure and effect of contaminants, especially metals (metallothionein) and organophosphorous pesticides and metals (acetylcholine esterase activity) were compared in the intestine of fish from the reference site (river source)and downstream of the technological and municipal wastewater impacted site (town of Knin) in two seasons, October 2015 and May 2016. Biological response was additionally evaluated by metal/metalloid concentrations in intestinal cytosol. Site-specific differences were observed as significantly higher As, Ca, Co, Cu, Se and Sr concentrations in intestinal cytosol of fish from the contaminated compared to the reference site. Significant seasonal differences existed for Ni, Cd, Mo, Cs and Na, with higher levels in autumn, following the trend of most of the dissolved metal levels in the river water. Impact of improperly treated wastewaters was also confirmed by significantly increased levels of glutathione, total proteins and Foulton condition indices, with 1.5, 1.13 and 1.12 times higher average values in fish from that site compared to the river source, respectively. The other biomarkers showed similar trend and pointed to specific biological changes regarding oxidative stress or metal exposure in fish from the anthropogenically impacted site, especially in autumn, but without significant differences. Thus, the anthropogenic impact still seems to beonly moderate, although cytosolic metals and most of the biomarkers in fish intestine were confirmed as initial indicators of pollution impact, which pointed to the need of continuous monitoring of the Krka River in order to protect this natural karst world phenomenon.

Item Type:

Article

Additional Information:

The financial support of the Croatian Science Foundation, Croatia for the project no. IP-2014-483 09-4255 Accumulation, Subcellular Mapping and Effects of Trace Metals in Aquatic Organisms (AQUAMAPMET) is gratefully acknowledged. Authors are also grateful for the valuable help in the fieldwork to the members of the Laboratory for Aquaculture and Pathology of Aquatic Organisms from the Ruder Boskovic Institute.

Uncontrolled Keywords:

karst Krka River ; brown trout ; biomarkers ; wastewaters ; biomonitoring ; cytosolic metals

Subjects:

NATURAL SCIENCES > Chemistry
NATURAL SCIENCES > Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences > Environmental Science

Divisions:

Division for Marine and Enviromental Research

Projects: