Bolanča, Ivan; Obhođaš, Jasmina; Ljiljak, Dejan; Matjačić, Lidija; Kuna, Krunoslav
(2016)
Synergetic effects of K, Ca, Cu and Zn in human semen in relation to parameters indicative of spontaneous hyperactivation of spermatozoa.
PLoS One, 11
(3).
e0152445/1-e0152445/16.
ISSN 1932-6203
Abstract
We have observed that sperm quality parameters indicative of spermatozoa hyperactivation such are lower “ linearity ” and “ straightness ” , and as showed by this research “ elongation ” , were more pronounced in patients with normal spermiogram compared to the group of men with reduced sperm motility who were undergoing routine in vitro fertilisation. The research encompassed 97 men diagnosed with normozoospermia (n = 20), asthenozoospermia (n = 54) and oligoasthenozoospermia (n = 23). The findings indicate that sperm quality of patients with normal spermiogram diagnosed according to WHO criteria, may be compro- mised by showing premature spontaneous hyperactivation which can decrease the chances of natural conception. We assessed synergistic effects of multiple chemical ele- ments in ejaculated semen to find if premature spontaneous hyperactivation of spermato- zoa can be a sign of imbalanced semen composition especially of elements K, Ca, Cu and Zn. Human semen samples showing low or high baseline status of chemical elements con- centrations were found in samples from all three diagnostic groups. However, correlation of K/Ca and Cu/Zn ratios, taking into account samples from all three groups of men, were neg- ative at statistical significance level p = 0.01. We tested if the negative correlation between K/Ca and Cu/Zn ratio works for greater number of semen samples. We found the negative correlation to be valid for 175 semen samples at statistical significance of p = 0.00002. The ratio of K/Ca and Cu/Zn, i.e. increased concentrations of K and Zn in comparison to concen- trations of Ca and Cu, were associated with a decrease of “ straightness ” in the group of men with normal spermiogram and pronounced spontaneous hyperactivation of spermato- zoa, implying that these elements act in synergy and that the balance of elements and not their absolute concentrations plays the major role in premature spermatozoa hyperactiva- tion in ejaculated semen.
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