Collagen Coatings on Titanium: Comparative Study of Electrochemical and Chemical Formation

Hodalj, Marin; Despotović, Ines; Zandona, Antonio; Katalinić, Maja; Ivanić, Maja; Katić, Jozefina; Petrović, Željka (2026) Collagen Coatings on Titanium: Comparative Study of Electrochemical and Chemical Formation. Materials . ISSN 1996-1944 (Submitted)

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Abstract

This study investigates the influence of two collagen-coating formation approaches, self-assembly and electrochemical formation by cyclic voltammetry, on the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of titanium (Ti). Collagen-modified Ti surfaces were characterized before and after 7 days of immersion in Fusayama artificial saliva using attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Self-assembly produced a continuous collagen layer, whereas cyclic voltammetry generated a fibrillar coating. During immersion, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (HAp) formed on both collagen-modified surfaces, but with distinctly different spatial organization. The self-assembled coating underwent reorganization, whereas the electrochemically formed coating retained its fibrillar framework closely associated with the HAp phase. This organic–inorganic architecture was accompanied by enhanced barrier properties after 7 days compared with the self-assembled coating. Density functional theory calculations further showed that one-electron oxidation of an adsorbed collagen-model tripeptide induces pronounced structural rearrangement, providing molecular-level insight into the redox response of collagen-derived species at the TiO₂ interface. In addition, prolonged exposure of Ti surfaces to cell culture media resulted in negligible Ti release, while the resulting conditioned media showed no significant impairment of HGF-1 or MG-63 cell viability, supporting favorable indirect in vitro cytocompatibility under the investigated conditions.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	titanium; collagen; cyclic voltammetry; self-assembly; DFT; cytocompatibility
Subjects:	NATURAL SCIENCES > Chemistry > Physical Chemistry NATURAL SCIENCES > Biology
Divisions:	Division for Marine and Enviromental Research Division of Materials Chemistry Division of Physical Chemistry
Projects:	Project title Project leader Project code Project type Kolagenske prevlake kao nosači ciljane antibiotske terapije za dentalne implantate Željka Petrović GD1-26; 01-9232/3-2025 NextGenerationEU BioMolTox Maja Katalinić 43-02/23-01/00016; 533-03-23-0006). NextGenerationEU
Depositing User:	Željka Petrović
Date Deposited:	03 Nov 2026 14:08
URI:	https://fulir.irb.hr:/id/eprint/12179

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