Variabilities of biochemical properties of the sea surface microlayer: insights to the atmospheric deposition impacts

(BiREADI projekt IP-2018-01-3105) Milinković, Andrea; Penezić, Abra; Cvitešić Kušan, Ana; Gluščić, Valentina; Žužul, Silva; Skejić, Sanda; Šantić, Danijela; Godec, Ranka; Pehnec, Gordana; Omanović, Dario; Engel, Anja; Frka, Sanja (2022) Variabilities of biochemical properties of the sea surface microlayer: insights to the atmospheric deposition impacts. Science of the Total Environment, 838 (3). ISSN 1879-1026

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Abstract

Atmospheric deposition (AD) of nutrients and its impact on sea surface requires consideration of interfacial processes within the sea surface microlayer (SML), the ocean-atmosphere boundary layer of major importance for many global biogeochemical and climate-related processes. This study comprised a comprehensive dataset, including dissolved NO3-, NH4+ and PO43- in ambient aerosol particles, wet deposition and sea surface samples collected from February to July 2019 at a central Adriatic coastal site. The aerosol mean concentration of dissolved nitrogen (DIN = NO3- + NH4+) and PO43- were 48.8 ± 82.8 μmol m-3 and 0.8 ± 0.6 μmol m-3, respectively, while their total fluxes (dry + wet) ranged from 24.2 to 212.3 mol m-2 d-1 (mean 123.2 ± 53.2 mol m-2 d-1) and from 1.2 to 2.1 mol m-2 d-1 (mean 1.5 ± 0.3 mol m-2 d-1), respectively. Intensive local episodes of open biomass burning (BB) significantly increased aerosol DIN concentrations as well as DIN deposition fluxes, particularly altering the molar DIN/PO43- ratio of atmospheric samples. The DIN temporal patterns showed high variability in the SML (range 0.2 – 24.6 μmol L-1, mean 5.0 ± 7.1 μmol L-1) in contrast to the underlying water samples (range 0.5 – 4.2 μmol L-1, mean 1.9 ± 1.2 μmol L-1), with significant increases during BB periods. Variability in abundance of heterotrophic bacteria and autotrophs in the SML along with concentrations of bulk dissolved and particulate organic carbon as well as dissolved and particulate lipids and carbohydrates, gel particles and surfactants followed DIN enhancements with a two-week delay. This study showed that AD can affect the short-time scale enrichments of organic matter in the SML, especially when accompanied by BB emissions typical of the overall Mediterranean coastal environment. This, in turn, could have strong implications for a range of ocean-atmosphere exchange processes of global relevance, mediated by the SML.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Adriatic Sea; aerosol particles; air-sea interface; biomass burning; deposition flux; nutrients; organic matter
Subjects:	NATURAL SCIENCES > Interdisciplinary Natural Sciences > Marine Science
Divisions:	Division for Marine and Enviromental Research
Projects:	Project title Project leader Project code Project type Biokemijski odgovori površinskog sloja oligotrofnog područja Jadranskog mora na atmosfersko taloženje-BiREADI Sanja Frka Milosavljević IP-2018-01-3105 HRZZ
Depositing User:	Sanja Frka Milosavljević
Date Deposited:	08 Mar 2024 08:51
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/8721
DOI:	10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156440

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