Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

Herman Mahečić, Davorka; Cigrovski Berković, Maja; Zjačić-Rotkvić, Vanja; Čačev, Tamara; Kapitanović, Sanja; Ulamec, Monika (2020) Inflammation-related cytokines and their roles in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms. Bosnian journal of basic medical sciences, 20 (4). pp. 445-450. ISSN 1512-8601

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Abstract

Proinflammatory counterworks are important at different stages of tumor development, particularly during invasion and metastasis. Immune cells and their signal molecules can influence all stages of tumor progression, as well as therapeutic intervention. Proinflammatory cytokines are known triggers of growth in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs). In this study, we explored the immunohistochemical expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), IL-2, and IL-6 in tissues from 43 GEP-NEN patients with tumors of gastric, duodenal, ileal, appendiceal, and colonic origin. The immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α was increased in tumor groups with high proliferation rates (Ki-67 ; p = 0.034), as well as in those with higher tumor grades (p = 0.05). Moreover, the immunohistochemical expression of TNF-α positively correlated with death outcomes (p = 0.016). Expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-2 displayed similar immunohistochemical expression patterns regardless of Ki-67, although the expression between the ILs differed. Most GEP-NENs had high levels of IL-6 and lower levels of IL-1β and IL-2. Although further comprehensive studies are required for a complete understanding of activated mechanisms in proinflammatory protumoral microenvironment of GEP-NENs, TNF-α is a potential marker in the prognosis of those tumors.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	inflammatory microenvironment ; TNF-α ; IL-6 ; IL-1β ; IL-2 ; GEP-NEN
Subjects:	BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE > Basic Medical Sciences BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE > Clinical Medical Sciences
Divisions:	Division of Molecular Medicine
Depositing User:	Dr Tamara Čačev
Date Deposited:	28 Jan 2022 09:44
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/6919
DOI:	10.17305/bjbms.2020.4471

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