Genetics of Prostate Carcinoma

Krušlin, Božo; Škara, Lucija; Vodopić, Tonći; Vrhovec, Borna; Murgić, Jure; Štimac, Goran; Fröbe, Ana; Lež, Cvjetko; Ulamec, Monika; Gall Trošelj, Koraljka (2021) Genetics of Prostate Carcinoma. Acta Medica Academica, 50 (1). pp. 71-87. ISSN 1840-1848

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Abstract

The aim of this review is to provide a brief overview of some current approaches regarding diagnostics, pathologic features, treatment, and genetics of prostate carcinoma (PCa). Prostate carcinoma is the most common visceral tumor and the second most common cancer-related cause of death in males. Clinical outcomes for patients with localized prostate cancer are excellent, but despite advances in prostate cancer treatments, castrate-resistant prostate cancer and metastatic prostate cancer patients have a poor prognosis. Advanced large-scale genomic studies revealed a large number of genetic alterations in prostate cancer. The meaning of these alterations needs to be validated in the specific prostate cancer molecular subtype context. Along these lines, there is a critical need for establishing genetically engineered mouse models, which would include speckle type BTB/POZ protein and isocitrate Dehydrogenase (NADP (+)) 1 mutant, as well as androgen receptor neuroendocrine subtypes of prostate cancer. Another urgent need is developing highly metastatic prostate cancer models, as only up to 17% of available models dis- play bone metastases and exhibit a less typical neuroendocrine prostate cancer or sarcomatoid carcinoma. Moreover, androgen deprivation and relapse should be mimicked in the genetically engineered mouse models, as androgen independence may yield a better model for metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer. The development of such refined animal models should be guid- ed by comparative genomics of primary versus corresponding metastatic tumors. Such an approach will have the potential to illuminate the key genetic events associated with specific molecular prostate cancer subsets and indicate directions for effective therapy.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Prostate Cancer ; Genetic Changes ; Molecular Subtypes ; Treatment
Subjects:	BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE > Clinical Medical Sciences
Divisions:	Division of Molecular Medicine
Projects:	Project title Project leader Project code Project type NRF2 na raskrižju epigenetičkog modeliranja, metabolizma i proliferacije stanice raka Gall-Trošelj, Koraljka IP-2016-06-4404 HRZZ
Depositing User:	Koraljka Gall Trošelj
Date Deposited:	04 Aug 2021 10:43
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/6512
DOI:	10.5644/ama2006-124.327

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