Molecular Insights into Poly(ADP-ribose) Recognition and Processing

Žaja, Roko; Mikoč, Andreja; Barkauskaite, Eva; Ahel, Ivan (2013) Molecular Insights into Poly(ADP-ribose) Recognition and Processing. Biomolecules, 3 (1). pp. 1-17. ISSN 2218-273X

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Abstract

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a post-translational protein modification involved in the regulation of important cellular functions including DNA repair, transcription, mitosis and apoptosis. The amount of poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PAR) in cells reflects the balance of synthesis, mediated by the PARP protein family, and degradation, which is catalyzed by a glycohydrolase, PARG. Many of the proteins mediating PAR metabolism possess specialised high affinity PAR-binding modules that allow the efficient sensing or processing of the PAR signal. The identification of four such PAR-binding modules and the characterization of a number of proteins utilising these elements during the last decade has provided important insights into how PAR regulates different cellular activities. The macrodomain represents a unique PAR-binding module which is, in some instances, known to possess enzymatic activity on ADP-ribose derivatives (in addition to PAR-binding). The most recently discovered example for this is the PARG protein, and several available PARG structures have provided an understanding into how the PARG macrodomain evolved into a major enzyme that maintains PAR homeostasis in living cells.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Poly(ADP-ribose) ; PARP ; PARG ; macrodomain ; protein modification
Subjects:	NATURAL SCIENCES > Biology NATURAL SCIENCES > Biology > Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Divisions:	Division of Molecular Biology
Depositing User:	Andreja Mikoč
Date Deposited:	12 Mar 2020 14:39
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/5338
DOI:	10.3390/biom3010001

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