Update on the core and developing cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer disease

Babić, Mirjana; Švob Štrac, Dubravka; Mueck Šeler, Dorotea; Pivac, Nela; Stanić, Gabrijela; Hof, Patrick R.; Šimić, Goran (2014) Update on the core and developing cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for Alzheimer disease. Croatian Medical Journal, 55 (4). pp. 347-365. ISSN 0353-9504

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Abstract

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, whose prevalence will dramatically rise by 2050. Despite numerous clinical trials investigating this disease, there is still no effective treatment. Many trials showed negative or inconclusive results, possibly because they recruited only patients with severe disease, who had not undergone disease- modifying therapies in preclinical stages of AD before severe degeneration occurred. Detection of AD in asymptomatic at risk individuals (and a few presymptomatic individuals who carry an autosomal dominant monogenic AD mutation) remains impractical in many of clinical situations and is possible only with reliable biomarkers. In addition to early diagnosis of AD, biomarkers should serve for monitoring disease progression and response to therapy. To date, the most promising biomarkers are cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and neuroimaging biomarkers. Core CSF biomarkers (amyloid β1-42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau) showed a high diagnostic accuracy but were still unreliable for preclinical detection of AD. Hence, there is an urgent need for detection and validation of novel CSF biomarkers that would enable early diagnosis of AD in asymptomatic individuals. This article reviews recent research advances on biomarkers for AD, focusing mainly on the CSF biomarkers. In addition to core CSF biomarkers, the potential usefulness of novel CSF biomarkers is discussed.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Alzheimer's disease; biomarkers; cerebrospinal fluid; early diagnosis
Subjects:	BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE > Basic Medical Sciences BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE > Clinical Medical Sciences SOCIAL SCIENCES > Psychology
Divisions:	Division of Molecular Medicine
Projects:	Project title Project leader Project code Project type Otkrivanje i praćenje bioloških biljega radi rane terapijske intervencije u Alzheimerovoj bolesti Goran Šimić IS-09/16 HRZZ Stres, GABA-A receptori i mehanizmi djelovanja neuropsihofarmaka Dubravka Švob Štrac 098-0000000-2448 MZOS Farmakogenomika i proteomika serotoninskog i kateholaminskog sustava Dorotea Muck-Šeler 098-0982522-2457 MZOS Molekularna podloga i liječenje psihijatrijskih i stresom izazvanih poremećaja Nela Pivac 098-0982522-2455 MZOS Fosforilacija tau proteina u razvitku i Alzheimerovoj bolesti Goran Šimić 108-1081870-1942 MZOS
Depositing User:	Dorotea Mueck Šeler
Date Deposited:	21 Jul 2016 11:19
URI:	http://fulir.irb.hr/id/eprint/2984
DOI:	10.3325/cmj.2014.55.347

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